Today’s knot conformation takes us back to the beginning of my 3D-printing journey in February 2013, when I got my first 3D printer – still my favorite – a MakerBot Replicator 2. (Sad note: I think this fantastic printer has been discontinued, as it is consistently out of stock on the MakerBot site. Too bad, because this is the best 3D printer I have ever had the pleasure of using. I have one at home, one in the JMU MakerLab, two in the JMU 3-SPACE Classroom, and I wanted to get some of them for MoMath when I start there this fall.)
Back in early 2013 my entire motivation for getting a 3D printer was to print knots, since that is what I usually study when I am wearing my math professor hat. Specifically, I wanted to print knots in a minimum conformation, that is, knots that were as tight as possible. Of course it is difficult to see what tight knots are doing since they are all bunched up, so many of my early prints of tight knots were “blown out” – really meaning that the strands were made thinner – so that there would be space between the strands; for example see Day 9 and Day 11. Today’s conformation of 7_3 is a true “tight” conformation, pulled together as closely as possible. The data for this knot was kindly provided by Jason Cantarella from the Department of Mathematics at the University of Georgia, also known as DesignByNumbers on Thingiverse, where he has provided files for a very large number of minimum-conformation knots and links.
Thingiverse link: http://www.thingiverse.com/make:82272
Settings: Printed on a MAKERBOT REPLICATOR 2 I LOVE YOU PLEASE DO NOT BE DISCONTINUED.
OpenSCAD code (takes a while to compile!):
// hull code from http://kitwallace.co.uk/3d/knot.xq Paths = [ [ [75.47350639531405,-47.8639347754337,333.7107467860903],[75.39639723916574,-47.92469939752842,333.845020789922],[75.34040484170883,-48.01491880831766,333.9730490546762],[75.31890396421727,-48.11451080929382,334.1045231385838],[75.32784971139367,-48.21187696238333,334.2390823971387],[75.36460614496245,-48.30064028462634,334.3748635770949],[75.42641785630806,-48.37617068199969,334.5095523434367],[75.50976667639132,-48.43451778945674,334.6411396309899],[75.61139968815418,-48.47281769147869,334.7671179396452],[75.72811276125603,-48.48948918331867,334.8844501591203],[75.85638022656697,-48.4837090796858,334.9901896328345],[75.99236650606041,-48.45536499405424,335.0816838290073],[76.13193653286847,-48.40493118042141,335.1568072822606],[76.27118658032616,-48.33378555463099,335.2135053734867],[76.40616888734252,-48.24382991549485,335.2503124429421],[76.53299823807414,-48.13742535851543,335.2664193520258],[76.64815942138928,-48.01750843916129,335.2614265202524],[76.74922482685061,-47.88812214290452,335.2347409280721],[76.83348283546518,-47.75286753688896,335.1870548008933],[76.89924958442396,-47.61612173290757,335.1189185853142],[76.94425105777228,-47.4812234235543,335.0326365639818],[76.96734199203402,-47.35188222303248,334.9306314185731],[76.96888512287669,-47.23120250457892,334.8161675953324],[76.95804342025531,-47.11700247766908,334.6957145605118],[76.94919162725212,-46.99690473493224,334.5809702561105],[76.94509377492858,-46.86472067518089,334.4800828159046],[76.93815311406991,-46.72114966085966,334.3963777258655],[76.93782266433627,-46.58156010635915,334.3059205759118],[76.96204115352761,-46.46363485247634,334.1911537292288],[77.01510218413483,-46.36111257938189,334.0714017736499],[77.09477537329991,-46.27117331580396,333.9563786792752],[77.19834500589504,-46.1933383302668,333.852060279794],[77.32254095868792,-46.12785520674005,333.7628715207948],[77.4636511852173,-46.07529630984041,333.6922122234968],[77.61746767352645,-46.03532857779938,333.6431175631623],[77.77953196248026,-46.00818919165064,333.6173149679547],[77.94524953100481,-45.99395061871859,333.6158897164989],[78.10990759860375,-45.99183807975886,333.6393478082455],[78.26893516416759,-46.00183737617625,333.6870678486316],[78.41783345121516,-46.02254934970105,333.7582522405869],[78.55255363601462,-46.05341412102354,333.8507979288556],[78.66921005586056,-46.09314298886337,333.9625104018266],[78.76472882597579,-46.14046363247336,334.09019621061],[78.83630286016654,-46.19316402798518,334.2307896054002],[78.88194870789178,-46.25051045449358,334.3801029450988],[78.9004575484969,-46.31011734126094,334.5342814795335],[78.89123670752127,-46.37081860286159,334.6888675511786],[78.8547255742146,-46.43012359901314,334.8399183823719],[78.79178290980472,-46.48669661195522,334.9831110596802],[78.70420440953463,-46.53848256673128,335.1146960399714],[78.5944185764106,-46.58331456483521,335.2313299991447],[78.4654249847076,-46.6197162133119,335.329827870895],[78.3208560285956,-46.64568998659115,335.407875211488],[78.16476370152698,-46.65977997525891,335.4635779615089],[78.00158617007074,-46.66028787850304,335.4958099380741],[77.83608975036374,-46.64600864166515,335.5043574024066],[77.67324533472079,-46.61548825168477,335.489656016731],[77.51824328341088,-46.56705274571646,335.4536806777771],[77.37682547602599,-46.49831067525846,335.3994480662975],[77.2553328691415,-46.40601434968024,335.3332184284586],[77.15881951251727,-46.28621439894409,335.2699820393173],[77.07324341770386,-46.1507040375854,335.2254728589066],[76.98223182435747,-46.01165218676935,335.2185501800849],[76.87213018465202,-45.88868647970877,335.2391481484265],[76.74425723149209,-45.78835072136287,335.2744802913259],[76.6019328863871,-45.71359779222922,335.3171761948906],[76.44909392664381,-45.66604116074657,335.3624075456754],[76.28990905831782,-45.64612351734722,335.4063492742715],[76.12859649335567,-45.65343947001947,335.4462511465049],[75.96914042409315,-45.6876220679252,335.4790048087255],[75.81532228034759,-45.74704727401016,335.5008263617208],[75.67125845464724,-45.82963416526503,335.5104517731791],[75.54088521968221,-45.93288139393069,335.5072078950134],[75.4276377385852,-46.05359353906335,335.4907353608208],[75.33454224726609,-46.18820930757829,335.4610767066814],[75.26413249549606,-46.33289954444947,335.4189450532922],[75.21826681731079,-46.48355953438058,335.3654115186524],[75.19796987912694,-46.63579657335638,335.3015374160459],[75.20426776237294,-46.78596329321696,335.2302749908708],[75.23672813688461,-46.92973780985643,335.15318213671],[75.29411933502567,-47.06320581700247,335.0721842126389],[75.37561404491061,-47.18353433047142,334.9912660943614],[75.4786670405024,-47.28697095098618,334.9115858293493],[75.60063857615464,-47.37076863128852,334.8356330275676],[75.73587481088359,-47.43751947097182,334.7654659395357],[75.87390737968103,-47.4982550993094,334.6952786664042],[76.0031909845674,-47.56430534940493,334.6140968447515],[76.10602254610262,-47.64194028275006,334.5089214236039],[76.19964797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[75.47350639531405,-47.8639347754337,333.7107467860903] ] ]; // Sides of the tube Sides = 20; // Radius of tube Radius = 0.5; //Scale of knot Scale=200; Colors = [[1,0,0],[0,1,0],[0,0,1],[1,1,0],[1,0,1],[0,1,1]]; module knot_path(path,r) { for (i = [0 : 1 : len(path) - 1 ]) { hull() { translate(path[i]) sphere(r); translate(path[(i + 1) % len(path)]) sphere(r); } } }; module knot(paths,r) { for (p = [0 : 1 : len(paths) - 1]) color(Colors[p]) knot_path(paths[p],r); }; $fn=Sides; scale(Scale) translate([-75,47,-333]) knot(Paths, Radius);
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